Wayne Gray

Professor, Economics

Wayne B. Gray holds the John T. Croteau Chair in Economics.  He’s taught at Clark since 1984, when he received his Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard University.  Professor Gray is also a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research and the Executive Director of the Boston Federal Statistical Research Data Center.  His research focuses on regulatory effectiveness and the economic consequences of government regulation of environmental and workplace hazards. He has studied regulation’s impact on employment, productivity, investment and plant location, primarily using plant-level manufacturing data, as well as demonstrating improvements in workplace safety and health, regulatory compliance and pollution emissions.  His current projects include one that examines the factors driving differences across states in construction workplace fatalities and another using differences in the distribution of greenhouse gas emissions across plants within an industry to predict the impact of proposed regulations on that industry.

Professor Gray regularly teaches PhD courses in Applied Econometrics (Econ 366) and Environmental Spatial Analysis (Econ 359).  He also teaches Labor Economics (Econ 222/322) and runs the Economics honors thesis course (Econ 297).

Degrees

  • Ph.D. in Economics, Harvard University, 1984
  • M.A. in Economics, Harvard University, 1979
  • B.A. in Economics and Mathematics, Dartmouth College, 1977

Affiliated Department

Economics

Scholarly and creative works

  • Article in Refereed Journal

    When do Firms Shift Production Across States to Avoid Environmental Regulation?

    Published in Land Economics
    March
    2024
    Wayne B. Gray, Ronald Shadbegian
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Preventing Construction Deaths: The Role of Public Policies

    Published in Regulation and Governance
    July
    2023
    Vol. 17
    Issue #3
    Wayne B. Gray, John Mendeloff
  • Other Scholarly or Creative Work

    Documenting the 1973 and 1978 Surveys of Water Use in Manufacturing (SWUM)

    August
    Issue #Census Technical Note CES-TN-2023-14
    U.S. Census Bureau – Center for Economic Studies
    Randy A. Becker, Jordan Burt, Wayne B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Environmental Regulation and Labor Demand – What Does the Evidence Tell Us?

    Published in Annual Review of Resource Economics
    Fall
    2023
    Wayne B. Gray, Ronald Shadbegian, Ann Wolverton
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    How Does State-Level Carbon Pricing in the United States Affect Industrial Competitiveness?

    Published in Environmental and Resource Economics
    November
    2022
    Issue #83(3)
    Brendan Casey, Wayne B. Gray, Joshua Linn, Richard Morgenstern
  • Chapters In Books

    Oxford Encyclopedia of Environmental Economics
    Chapter: Economics of Environmental Compliance and Enforcement

    Published by Oxford University Press
    2022
    Wayne B. Gray, Ronald Shadbegian
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    The re-occurrence of violations in occupational safety and health administration inspections

    Published in Regulation & Governance
    October 2021
    2021
    Vol. 15
    Issue #4
    John Mendeloff, Wayne B. Gray, Philip Armour, Frank Neuhauser
  • Other Scholarly or Creative Work

    NBER-CES Manufacturing Industry Database

    March
    Wayne B. Gray, Randy Becker, Jordan Marvakov
  • Presentations

    THE IMPACT OF EPA’S CLUSTER RULE ON PLANT LEVEL PRODUCTIVITY

    AERE Virtual Conference
    Virtual
    Jun
    2020
    Sponsored by Association of Environmental and Resource Economists
    Yue Gao, Wayne B. Gray
  • Other Scholarly or Creative Work

    How Does State-Level Carbon Pricing in the United States Affect Industrial Competitiveness?

    NBER working paper
    january
    Issue #WP 26629
    NBER
    Brendan J. Casey, Wayne B. Gray, Joshua Linn, Richard Morgenstern
  • Presentations

    The Impact of State Renewable Portfolio Standards on Electric Utilities` Stock Returns

    2019 Summer Conference of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists
    Lake Tahoe, Nevada
    2019-05-30
    2019
    Sponsored by Association of Environmental and Resource Economists
    Wayne B. Gray, Tao Tao
  • Presentations

    Introduction to the Boston Federal Statistical Research Data Center

    International Seminar on Microdata Develoment and Application
    Beijing, China
    2019-11-21
    2019
    Sponsored by Tsinghua University
    Wayne B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    The Impacts of Lower Natural Gas Prices on Jobs in the U.S. Manufacturing Sector

    Published in Energy Journal
    2019/09//
    2019
    Vol. 40
    Issue #5
    Wayne Gray, Joshua Linn, Richard Morgenstern
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Carbon tax competitiveness concerns: Assessing a best practices carbon credit

    Published in National Tax Journal
    2017
    Vol. 70
    Issue #2
    W. B. Gray, G. E. Metcalf
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Do EPA regulations affect labor demand? Evidence from the pulp and paper industry

    Published in Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
    2014
    Vol. 68
    Issue #1
    W. B. Gray, R. J. Shadbegian, C. Wang, M. Meral
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    A new estimate of the impact of OSHA inspections on manufacturing injury rates, 1998-2005

    Published in American Journal of Industrial Medicine
    2012
    Vol. 55
    Issue #11
    A. M. Haviland, R. M. Burns, W. B. Gray, T. Ruder, J. Mendeloff
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    The effectiveness of environmental monitoring and enforcement: A review of the empirical evidence

    Published in Review of Environmental Economics and Policy
    2011
    Vol. 5
    Issue #1
    W. B. Gray, J. P. Shimshack
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    The Pennsylvania certified safety committee program: An evaluation of participation and effects on work injury rates

    Published in American Journal of Industrial Medicine
    2010
    Vol. 53
    Issue #8
    H. Liu, R. M. Burns, A. G. Schaefer, T. Ruder, C. Nelson, A. M. Haviland, W. B. Gray, J. Mendeloff
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    The role of inspection sequence in compliance with the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) standards: Interpretations and implications

    Published in Regulation and Governance
    2010
    Vol. 4
    Issue #1
    K. Ko, J. Mendeloff, W. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    What kinds of injuries do OSHA inspections prevent?

    Published in Journal of Safety Research
    2010
    Vol. 41
    Issue #4
    A. Haviland, R. Burns, W. Gray, T. Ruder, J. Mendeloff
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Agency structure and firm culture: OSHA, EPA, and the steel industry

    Published in Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization
    2007
    Vol. 23
    Issue #3
    M. E. Deily, W. B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Are farmland preservation program easement restrictions capitalized into farmland prices? What can a propensity score matching analysis tell us?

    Published in Review of Agricultural Economics
    2007
    Vol. 29
    Issue #3
    L. Lynch, W. Gray, J. Geoghegan
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    The environmental performance of polluting plants: A spatial analysis

    Published in Journal of Regional Science
    2007
    Vol. 47
    Issue #1
    W. B. Gray, R. J. Shadbegian
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Assessing multi-dimensional performance: Environmental and economic outcomes

    Published in Journal of Productivity Analysis
    2006
    Vol. 26
    Issue #3
    R. J. Shadbegian, W. B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Inside the black box: How do OSHA inspections lead to reductions in workplace injuries?

    Published in Law and Policy
    2005
    Vol. 27
    Issue #2
    J. Mendeloff, W. B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Pollution abatement expenditures and plant-level productivity: A production function approach

    Published in Ecological Economics
    2005
    Vol. 54
    Issue #2-3
    R. J. Shadbegian, W. B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    The declining effects of OSHA inspections on manufacturing injuries, 1979-1998

    Published in Industrial and Labor Relations Review
    2005
    Vol. 58
    Issue #4
    W. B. Gray, J. M. Mendeloff
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    When and why do plants comply? Paper mills in the 1980s

    Published in Law and Policy
    2005
    Vol. 27
    Issue #2
    W. B. Gray, R. J. Shadbegian
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    ‘Optimal’ pollution abatement – Whose benefits matter, and how much?

    Published in Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
    2004
    Vol. 47
    Issue #3
    W. B. Gray, R. J. Shadbegian
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Plant vintage, technology, and environmental regulation

    Published in Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
    2003
    Vol. 46
    Issue #3
    W. B. Gray, R. J. Shadbegian
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    What determines environmental performance at paper mills? the roles of abatement spending, regulation, and efficiency

    Published in Topics in Economic Analysis and Policy
    2003
    Vol. 3
    Issue #1
    R. J. Shadbegian, W. B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Environmental regulation, investment timing, and technology choice

    Published in Journal of Industrial Economics
    1998
    Vol. 46
    Issue #2
    W. B. Gray, R. J. Shadbegian
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Can government facilitate cooperation? An informational model of OSHA enforcement

    Published in American Journal of Political Science
    1997
    Vol. 41
    Issue #3
    J. T. Scholz, W. B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Compliance and enforcement: Air pollution regulation in the U.S. steel industry

    Published in Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
    1996
    Vol. 31
    Issue #1
    W. B. Gray, M. E. Deily
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Analyzing the Equity and Efficiency of OSHA Enforcement

    Published in Law \& Policy
    1991
    Vol. 13
    Issue #3
    W. B. GRAY, J. T. SCHOLZ
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    Enforcement of pollution regulations in a declining industry

    Published in Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
    1991
    Vol. 21
    Issue #3
    M. E. Deily, W. B. Gray
  • Article in Refereed Journal

    OSHA enforcement and workplace injuries: A behavioral approach to risk assessment

    Published in Journal of Risk and Uncertainty
    1990
    Vol. 3
    Issue #3
    J. T. Scholz, W. B. Gray

Awards and grants

  • Contribution of State Consultations to Preventing Fatalities in Construction

    NIOSH – CPWR

    clock icon Jun. 1, 2023 – May. 31, 2024
  • Assessing Public Policy Intervention on Construction Fatality Rates

    NIOSH

    clock icon Aug. 1, 2019 – Feb. 28, 2020